INDEXED IN 

International Journal of Modern Science and Technology

​​​​​​​January 2020, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 34-39. 

​​​Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Evaluation of Trypanocidal Efficacy of Starchytapheta jamaicensis

E. J. Udo¹*, M. M. Manyi², T. F. Ikpa², N. G. Imandeh²
¹Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna, Nigeria.
²Department of Zoology, College of Science, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

​​​*Corresponding author’s e-mail: edidiongudo735@yahoo.com

​Abstract

​A study on phytochemical analysis and in vitro evaluation of trypanocidal efficacy of Starchytapheta jamaicensis was carried out. Chemical tests were carried out on the plant extracts using standard procedures. Methanol and aqueous extracts of S. jamaicensis were tested for in vitro anti-trypanosomal activity. In vitro assays were carried out in 96-well microtitre plates at effective test concentrations of 4, 2 and 0.4 mg/ml using Deminazene diaceturate (Nozomil®) as the positive control. The results of Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Cardiac glycosides, Flavonoids, Saponins, Tamins, Phlobatannins and Terpenes in the leaf extract of S. jamaicensis but Free Antraquinones were not detected. However, qualitative screening of the root of S. jamaicensis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tamins, and terpenes. phlobatannins, cardiac glycosides and free antraquinones were not detected. In vitro studies showed tested extracts eliminated motility in T. congolense and T. brucei within 30minutes of exposure. Nozomil® eliminated trypanosomal motility within 20 min even at the lowest concentration tested (0.4 mg/ ml). Thus, S. jamaicensis contains bioactive components which exhibit a promising trypanocidal efficacy. However, in vivo evaluation of this plant may validate effective application of this plant in the treatment of trypanosomiasis.

Keywords: Starchytapheta jamaicensis; Phytochemical analysis; Trypanocidal efficacy; Trypanosomiasis.

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