ISSN 2456-0235

International Journal of Modern Science and Technology

INDEXED IN 

AI Tutors vs. Human Teachers in Punjab: Complementary Allies or Educational Competitors?

​Ravneet Kaur
Department of Commerce, Pt. Mohan lal S.D. College for Women, Gurdaspur, Punjab. India.
Email: ravneet151121@gmail.com

​​Abstract
The field of education has been invaded by Artificial Intelligence (AI). It provides individualized tutoring, platform's adaptive learning and instant comments. In regions of India such as Punjab where identified urban-rural disparities exist in education, the AI tutors have served as supplementary sources to human-based education. This paper examines the answer to the question, are AI tutors helpful or threaten human teachers, and looks into the aspects of accessibility, effectiveness, and student and educator perceptions. The responses to this are mixed in terms of a quantitative survey of 600 students and 150 teachers in higher secondary schools and colleges of Punjab. The results also show that two-thirds of students consider the support of AI tutors valuable, namely, in more technical areas, as they help them prepare their exams, even when they are not even in class (24/7 customer availability). On the other hand, 72% of educators note that AI technology is insensitive to culture, lacks the emotional relationship and the capacity to change, which are all critical in the holistic learning. Although AI reduces the cost of additional coaching and opens more opportunities in rural communities, the insufficient ability to solve tricky questions and promote motivation remains apparent. The researchers draw a conclusion that AI tutors cannot be used to substitute human teachers but can be helpful when implemented in hybrid format. The policymakers and institutions would be advised to target on developing governance structures, educating teachers, and developing culturally sensitive AI tools to make sure that there is a balanced incorporation of AI-based technology into the education system of Punjab.

Keywords: AI tutors, human teachers, Punjab education, hybrid learning, personalized learning, educational technology, teacher-student interaction.

​References

  1. Aggarwal R, Kapoor A. Artificial intelligence in Indian classrooms: Opportunities and challenges. Indian J Educ Technol 2022;14(2):45–57.
  2. Ahmad S, Husain N. Role of AI in higher education: A comparative study. J Educ Res Pract 2021;11(3):23–36.
  3. Banerjee P, Dey S. Blended learning with AI tutors: Case studies from India. Asian J Distance Educ 2022;17(1):89–104.
  4. Alam M, Singh P. Educational technology adoption in Punjab: A quantitative analysis. Int J Learn Dev 2020;10(4):55–67.
  5. Chopra V, Sharma R. Digital transformation in Punjab’s higher education sector. Punjab J Educ 2020;15(2):101–115.
  6. EY India. AI in Indian education: Key steps for growth [Internet]. Ernst & Young, 2025 [cited 2025 Sep 7]. Available from: https://www.ey.com/en_in/insights/education/how-ai-is-activating-step-changes-in-indian-education
  7. Gulati A, Singh M. Teachers’ perception of AI in education: A survey from Punjab. Indian J Teach Educ 2021;5(1):73–88.
  8. Sharma A, Kumar P. AI tutors vs classroom teachers: A comparative analysis in India. J Educ Change 2022;23(4):623–641.
  9. Schiff D, Ayesh A, Hewitt L. AI and the future of learning. AI Soc 2020;35(3):535–547.
  10. Vikas School. How AI is transforming classrooms in 2025 [Internet]. Vikas Concept, 2025 [cited 2025 Sep 7]. Available from: https://www.vikasconcept.com/how-ai-is-transforming-classrooms-in-2025
  11. Gulati A, Singh M. Teachers’ perception of AI in education: A survey from Punjab. Indian J Teach Educ 2021;5(1):73–88.
  12. Dwivedi YK, Hughes L, Rana NP. Artificial intelligence for education: Balancing benefits and risks. Int J Inf Manage 2021;57:102–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102120
  13. UNESCO. AI and education: Guidance for policy-makers. Paris: UNESCO, 2021.
  14. World Bank. Digital technologies in education: A roadmap for developing countries. Washington (DC): World Bank, 2020.
  15. Vikas School. How AI is transforming classrooms in 2025 [Internet]. Vikas Concept, 2025 [cited 2025 Sep 7]. Available from: https://www.vikasconcept.com/how-ai-is-transforming-classrooms-in-2025
  16. Chopra V, Sharma R. Digital transformation in Punjab’s higher education sector. Punjab J Educ 2020;15(2):101–115.
  17. Engageli. AI in education statistics [Internet]. Engageli, 2025 [cited 2025 Sep 7]. Available from: https://www.engageli.com/blog/ai-in-education-statistics
  18. India Today Education Desk. AI dominates India’s most popular online courses in 2024: Report. India Today [Internet], Dec. 11, 2024 [cited 2025 Sep 7]. Available from: https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/latest-studies/story/ai-dominates-indias-most-popular-online-courses-in-2024-2648434-2024-12-11
  19. Gulati A, Singh M. Teachers’ perception of AI in education: A survey from Punjab. Indian J Teach Educ 2021;5(1):73–88.
  20. Chatterjee A, Bhattacharya S. Technology-enabled personalized learning in Indian schools. J Emerg Technol Educ 2021;18(2):67–82.
  21. Sharma A, Kumar P. AI tutors vs classroom teachers: A comparative analysis in India. J Educ Change 2022;23(4):623–641.
  22. Goyal H, Poudyal S, Roy A. The impact of large language models on K–12 education in rural India: A thematic analysis of student volunteers’ perspectives. arXiv [Preprint] 2025 May [cited 2025 Sep 7]. Available from: https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.03163
  23. National High School Journal of Science. Exploring AI use in high schools of India: Benefits and concerns. Natl High Sch J Sci [Internet], 2025 [cited 2025 Sep 7]. Available from: https://nhsjs.com/2025/exploring-ai-use-in-high-schools-of-india-benefits-and-concerns
  24. Schiff D, Ayesh A, Hewitt L. AI and the future of learning. AI Soc 2020;35(3):535–547.
  25. Basak S, Wotto M, Bélanger P. E-learning, M-learning and D-learning: Conceptual definition and comparative analysis. E-Learn Digit Media 2018;15(4):191–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042753018788557
  26. Bardia BA, Agrawal A. MindCraft: Revolutionizing education through AI-powered personalized learning and mentorship for rural India. arXiv [Preprint] 2025 Feb [cited 2025 Sep 7]. Available from: https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.05826

International Journal of Modern Science and Technology 2025;10(1):12-16.                                          Full Paper (PDF)